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Tian Yan Lun¡¯s Modern Concept
-Focusing on Science and Progress
Park Young Mi
Hanyang University
Tian Yan Lun is the first translated book in Modern China, which systematically introduces Western Philosophy. In Tian Yan Lun, Yan Fu presents Social Darwinism of Thomas H. Huxley and Herbert Spencer, and integrates his own opinion to it. Social Darwinism was the first Western thought that East Asia tried to understand systematically in the process of encounter with the West. Yan Fu introduces Social Darwinism through Tian Yan Lun and designs Modern China based on Social Darwinism. The core idea of Yan Fu¡¯s modern concept is ¡®science¡¯ and ¡®progress¡¯.
The first modern concept of Yan Fu is to set aside the traditional knowledge(ò±) by introducing and establishing a new knowledge(ò±) system brought by the Western scientific research method and epistemology. He thinks that it is necessary to understand the fundamental principles that form a society and establish social orders to solve the current issues, which need to be accomplished not by traditional method, but by scientific method.
The second modern concept of Yan Fu is to redefine the concept of ô¸ and to change the traditional worldview. He criticizes the traditional concept of ô¸, which is unchangeable, metaphysical, and moral. Yan Fu then redefines the concept of ò± by saying that changing and the struggle for existence and the principle of natural selection are the inner principle of change and human morality is to become which is produced from the process of evolution. This is to change the Chinese view of the world.
Yan Fu¡¯s modern concept planned in Tian Yan Lun was embodied in the New Movement movement. Social Darwinism is the logic of self-strengthening in China and East Asian countries. Intellectuals of East Asian countries try to establish their own Modernization on the basis of Social Darwinism. Also, In East Asian, Social Darwinism affects the disputes over the counter-Imperialist invasion vs. countermove ; civilization vs. un-civilization; the West vs. the East; and the white race vs. the yellow race.
Key Words: Yan Fu, Tian Yan Lun, Thomas H. Huxley, Herbert Spencer, Social Darwinism, modern concept, science, progress, evolution.